Archeology is the science that deals with the study of human material remains, as the history of this science is linked to the beginning of man making his tools. Archeology is a scientific study of the effects of ancient human civilization, and this science includes the study of all matters related to ancient civilizations, such as the history of ancient tribes and peoples, and all related remnants, as these studies depend on remnants of buildings, buildings, pieces of art, and tools such as pottery, It also relies on graves, bones, and ornaments that are found in some graves and the remnants of temples
The study of archeology in its finest details contributes to revealing many aspects of the lives of peoples in the past, documenting many of the achievements of those nations, finding similarities between the lives of those peoples in the past and the life of the present time, and contributing to drawing an approximate picture of the life of those bygone societies, and this science is The only way to get to know the nations that lived before the invention of writing. Archeology in America is a branch of anthropology, which is the science concerned with the study of the human race and its material and intellectual heritage. European archaeologists see that their work is closely related to history.
As historians study the march of peoples based on their study of written records, as for archaeologists, they look to know how they contributed to the development of those ancient civilizations, and to know the time and place of this development, and the reasons that led to the occurrence of this development, from what shows the link that connects Archeology is associated with sociology, in addition to the pursuit of archeology to research the causes of the fall of ancient civilizations and empires, and the reasons behind this fall, such as the fall of the Roman civilization and the Mayan civilization.
In their studies, archaeologists depend on the remains of man since the dawn of history, even modern man, and that evidence ranges from stone fragments to the remains of large cities, and the evidence varies, as it is classified as follows:
Movable finds: They are man-made materials that can be moved from one place to another, without any significant change in their shape or characteristics, such as utensils, decorative tools, beads, and stone crafts. They can also be in the form of stone slabs or written records.
Immovable finds: They consist of houses, cemeteries, pits, irrigation canals and other fixed industries that cannot be moved or separated from their surroundings. Because it will change its shape if it is moved.
Natural finds: They are natural materials found along with fixed finds. These finds include animal bones and some types of grains.
