The Taj Mahal (in English: Taj Mahal or Tadj Mahall) is one of the most famous monuments in the world. It is a Mughal mausoleum located on the right (south) bank of the Yamuna River, east of Agra, located in the state of Uttar Pradesh ( Western Uttar Pradesh State, northern India, [1] The Taj Mahal covers approximately 170,000 square meters of Agra.
The Taj Mahal is one of the most important examples of the beauty of Mughal architecture, and it is distinguished by its harmonious art and smooth integration of the decorative elements that make it up. its appearance
It is easy to trace the chronological history of the Taj Mahal, as it includes Quranic and historical inscriptions written in the Arabic language, and is considered the jewel of Islamic art in India.
The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, who ruled between 1628 AD-1658 AD, in memory of his late wife, Mumtaz Mahal, whom he loved dearly, [1] and Mumtaz Mahal, a Persian Muslim princess, who was known as Arjumand Arjumand Banu Begum before her marriage. Emperor Shah Jahan met her at the age of fourteen, loved her and married her in 1612 AD, five years after their meeting. Although she is his third wife, he loved her and preferred her over the rest of his wives. This is because of the strength of her personality, her humility, and her beauty, and she accompanied her husband, the Emperor, on all his travels, as she was his companion who was never separated from him.
In the year 1631 A.D. Mumtaz Mahal died during the birth of her fourteenth child in the city of Burhanpur, and the Emperor grieved for her deeply, and isolated himself from others for more than a year to mourn her death, after which he began to build the Taj Mahal monument in honor of his endless love for her. And he chose a suitable location for the monument so that he could see his wife's grave directly from his palace, and after the death of Emperor Shah Jahan, he was buried next to her.
There are many other theories that discuss the real reason for building the Taj Mahal, and one of these theories shows that Shah Jahan did not build the Taj Mahal as a funerary monument in particular, and he intended to build it in all cases even if his wife did not die, based on the inscriptions engraved on the monument, such as inscriptions Qur’anic verses that indicate the emperor’s love for the throne, and there is another theory that indicates that the monument is a symbolic representation of the divine throne on the Day of Judgment. As for the third theory, it indicates that the reason for building this monument is the arrogance of the Mongols, as it was built to glorify the rule of the Mongols and the Emperor himself.
